The office of the Minister for State Security, Erich Mielke, in Haus 1 of the former Stasi headquarters in Berlin-Lichtenberg, now the Stasimuseum.Photo: Anagoria, 2012. Wikimedia Commons. CC BY 3.0.
The Stasi and the RAF
From 1980 East Germany’s Ministry for State Security hid former members of the Red Army Faction, the West German left-wing terrorist group, under invented life stories. Three were recognised by East German citizens. None was arrested until seven months after the Wall opened.
01East Berlin, end of 1979
At the end of 1979, eight members of the Red Army Faction who wanted to give up the armed struggle asked the Stasi, through a member still active in the group, to help them settle in a “socialist” country. The Stasi set conditions: a final break with terrorism, and no word, ever, of its own part in the arrangement.
The case went to Abteilung XXII, the ministry’s counter-terrorism department, which ran it as operation “Stern”. Inge Viett, a former leader of the Movement 2 June who had joined the RAF, helped arrange the move. In 1982 she followed the others east.
“1980 entschied sich das MfS aussteigewillige Mitglieder der RAF, unter falscher Identität in der DDR einzubürgern.”In 1980 the Stasi decided to naturalise RAF members who wanted out, under false identities. Bundesarchiv, Stasi Records Archive.

Ten former RAF members, one time scale
Each row is one person. Scroll to see what the record dates.
End of 1979
Eight former RAF members ask the Stasi for a new life in the East. Abteilung XXII takes the case.
Summer and autumn 1980
The eight cross to the GDR in summer and autumn 1980. In a forester’s lodge near Briesen they are prepared for invented lives, then sent to different towns.
1982
In 1982 Inge Viett and Henning Beer follow. All ten now live as East German citizens.
The 1980s
They get flats and jobs. Monika Helbing works at a polyclinic in Frankfurt (Oder). The Stasi watches them all and bugs their flats.
1985/86
In 1985/86 GDR citizens recognise three of them. The Stasi moves Silke Maier-Witt overnight under another new name.
June 1990
6 June to 18 June: the arrests come seven months after the Wall opened.
1991–92
German courts try the dropouts. The sentences we could confirm run from 6½ to 13 years.
1997–98
A Berlin court convicts three Stasi officers of attempted obstruction of justice. In 1998 the Federal Court of Justice acquits them.
02Objekt 74, near Briesen
The Stasi’s “Objekt 74” was a forester’s lodge, “An der Flut”, in the woods near Briesen, east of Berlin. Silke Maier-Witt, Monika Helbing and Susanne Albrecht learned their new biographies by heart there. Later the ten met there once a year.
Each had to invent a life story that gave nothing away and could not easily be checked, in case a colleague or neighbour later moved West. On paper they then went through the same admission procedure as any other migrant from the West, and applied for East German citizenship.
Born as
Susanne Albrecht
Lived as
Ingrid Jäger
Lived in the GDR from 1980 to 1990. Arrested in Marzahn, 6 June 1990.
Born as
Monika Helbing
Lived as
Elke Köhler
Rheumatology welfare worker at a polyclinic in Frankfurt (Oder).
Born as
Ekkehard von Seckendorff-Gudent
Lived as
Horst Winter
Hospital doctor and addiction therapist. Married Helbing; they raised a son.
Born as
Silke Maier-Witt
Lived as
Angelika Gerlach
then Sylvia Beyer
Nurse’s training in Weimar. After 1986, a second identity.
The Stasi watched them, bugged their flats, and later recruited some of them as informers. The Stasi listed Susanne Albrecht as an informer, under the male code name “Ernst Berger”; the archive notes that no signed commitment from her has been found. The files name Silke Maier-Witt, too, as an informer, “Anja Weber”.
03East Germany, June 1990
The arrests came after tips from citizens and from former Stasi staff. They were made by officers of the GDR’s Zentrales Kriminalamt, working with West German security forces. Susanne Albrecht was first, in her flat in Marzahn. The record gives a date for eight of the ten; Christine Dümlein and Ralf Baptist Friedrich were arrested in the same month, on days the sources do not give.
June 1990: the arrests, day by day







In January 1990, months before the arrests, demonstrators had gathered at the Stasi’s headquarters in Lichtenberg. Once arrested, the dropouts talked. The crown-witness rule (Kronzeugenregelung) was applied to every RAF member arrested in the GDR, and the courts cut their sentences for it.
04Stuttgart, Munich, Koblenz, 1991–92
Susanne Albrecht was sentenced by the Oberlandesgericht Stuttgart on 3 June 1991 for the murder of Jürgen Ponto (1977) and attempted murder in the attack on Alexander Haig (1979). Inge Viett was sentenced by the Oberlandesgericht Koblenz for the attempted murder of a French policeman in Paris in 1981. The judges said that without the crown-witness rule Albrecht’s sentence, and Lotze’s, would have been life.
Sentences, in years, on one scale
Werner Lotze: 12 years in the taz report of the verdict (31 January 1991); 11 years in bpb (2024). The Bundesanwaltschaft appealed. Not shown: the sentences of Helbing, Sternebeck and Friedrich, which we could not confirm against a report of the verdict, and Dümlein and von Seckendorff-Gudent, for whom we found no verdict.



05Berlin and Karlsruhe, 1997–98
On 7 March 1997 the Landgericht Berlin found the head of the "Stern" working group in Abteilung XXII and his deputy, both colonels, and the case officer guilty of attempted Strafvereitelung (obstructing prosecution); warnings only, with the fines reserved.
On 5 March 1998 the Bundesgerichtshof set the verdict aside and acquitted all three. Its ruling set limits, under international law, on applying the West German offence of obstructing prosecution to what East German officials had done for their own state.
“Letztlich verurteilte kein Gericht auch nur eine Person aus der SED oder ihrer Geheimpolizei für die Kollaboration mit der RAF zu einer Haftstrafe.”In the end no court sent a single member of the SED or its secret police to prison for collaborating with the RAF. Harald Bergsdorf, bpb Deutschland Archiv, 2024.


The courts sent the RAF members to prison for up to thirteen years. The Stasi officers who hid them walked free.
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